TCP Provides The Full Transport Layer Services To Applications!

TCP stands for transmission control protocol. It provides the full transport layer services to applications. It is a reliable steam transport port-to-port protocol. The term steam means the connection-oriented. It means the sender cannot send a message until the receiver is contacted and agrees to the communication. TCP generates a virtual circuit between sender and receiver by creating this connection. The connection remains active for the duration of a transmission. In this way, the receiver knows to expect the entire transmission rather than a single packet.

TCP is a connection-oriented service. It is responsible for the reliable delivery of the entire steam of bits contained in the message generated by the sending application. Reliability is ensured by providing error detection and retransmission of damaged frames. All segments must be received and acknowledge before the transmission is considered complete and the virtual circuit is discarded.

IT Expert Advice provide the full information about the TCP.

At the sending end, TCP separates the long transmission into littler data units and bundles each into a casing called segment. Each segment incorporates a sequencing number for recording after receipt and affirmation ID number. Segments are carried across networks links inside of the IP Datagram. At the receiving end, TCP Collects each datagram and records the transmission based on the sequence number.

Features OF the TCP:

Some of the important features of the Transmission Control Protocol are as follows:

Ø  Connecting Opening:

On the sending host, a process such as a Web browser issues a request to send data to a destination host such as Web server. TCP creates an initial segment designed to open the connection between the sender and receiver. In this initial contact, the two systems exchange IP addresses and port numbers and set up the following control and sequencing.

Ø  Flow Control:

The sending and receiving host exchange the number of bytes to be accepted at on the time. In this way, the sender sends as the amount of data that can be handled by the receiver. The amount of data can be changed as the circumstances change on the machine.

Ø  Sequencing:

Every segment is assigned a sequence number. The sequence number is stored in the first byte in every segment. This technique is used by the receiving host to reassemble any segments that arrive out of order.

Ø  Acknowledgment:

When TCP transmits a segment, it holds the segments in a queue until the receiving TCP issues an acknowledgment that the segment has been received. The sender retransmits the segments if it does not receive the acknowledgment.

Ø  Error Detection:

A value in the header is used by the receiver to test the integrity of the incoming segment. The receiver sends an error message to the sender if the segment is the corrupted. The sender then immediately retransmits the segment.

Ø  Connection Closing:

The connection is closed when no more data is to be sent. The sending TCP sends a segment that tells the receiver that the socket should be closed.